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Livelihoods in Niger: Impact Evaluation of the Community Based Integrated Water Management Project

July 26, 2019

Oxfam GB's Global Performance Framework is part of the organization's effort to better understand and communicate its effectiveness, as well as to enhance learning for staff and partners. Under this Framework, a small number of completed or mature projects are selected at random each year for an evaluation of their impact; this exercise is known as an 'Effectiveness Review'. One key focus is on the extent to which the projects have promoted change in relation to relevant Oxfam GB global outcome indicators. The global outcome indicator for the livelihoods thematic area is defined as 'total household consumption per adult equivalent per day'. This indicator is explained in more detail in section 5 of this report.Niger's 'Community-Based Integrated Water Resource Management' project was one of those selected for an Effectiveness Review in the 2016/17 financial year. The project activities were implemented by Oxfam GB in conjunction with the partner organization Karkara and the Department of Agriculture of the Republic of Niger. The project was started in April 2013 and was completed in March 2015. It was evaluated one year after closure.

Oxfam GB Statement on Modern Slavery: For the financial year 2017/18

September 25, 2018

The UK Modern Slavery Act 2015 requires organizations with a turnover of at least £36m to make a public statement on steps they are taking to identify and prevent modern slavery in their operations and supply chains. Oxfam GB advocated for this policy development, and this statement relates to steps taken in relation to our own operations and supply chains. Our first statement in 2016 gave detailed information about our policies and processes to demonstrate transparency on this challenging issue and to encourage other companies to be transparent. This statement is an update on progress against the two-year commitments that we made in that first statement.

Harmful Side Effects: How drug companies undermine global health

September 12, 2018

New Oxfam research shows that four pharmaceutical companies -- Abbott, Johnson & Johnson, Merck and Pfizer -- systematically hide their profits in overseas tax havens. They appear to deprive developing countries of more than $100m (around £80m) every year -- money that is urgently needed to meet the health needs of people in these countries -- while charging very high prices for their products. In the UK, these four companies may be underpaying around £125m of tax each year. These corporations also deploy massive lobbying operations to influence trade, tax and health policies in their favour and give their damaging behavior greater apparent legitimacy. Tax dodging, high prices and political influencing by pharmaceutical companies exacerbate the yawning gap between rich and poor, between men and women, and between advanced economies and developing ones.

Women's Empowerment in Indonesia: Impact evaluation of the 'Reducing the Occurrence of Gender Based Violence' project

June 27, 2018

This evaluation is presented as part of Oxfam's Effectiveness Review Series 2016/17, selected for review under the women's empowerment thematic area. The evaluation took place in August 2016 in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. It intended to evaluate the success of the 'Reducing the Occurrence of Gender Based Violence' project in the region in reducing gender based violence (GBV) and promoting women's empowerment. The project operated with 10 partners in West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara, South Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi and Jakarta. This Effectiveness Review was conducted only in East Nusa Tenggara due to budgetary constraints. In East Nusa Tenggara activities started in 2012 and the project was implemented by four partner organizations: SSP, CIS, YABIKU and LHB APIK. This evaluation was conducted in August 2016 in three districts in East Nusa Tenggara on the Timor island. The evaluation adopted a quasi-experimental impact evaluation design to measure the effect that is causally attributable to - and representative of - the project's intervention.

Resilience in Zambia: Impact evaluation of the 'Citizen Participation in Adaptation to Climate Change' project

May 30, 2018

The 'Citizen Participation in Adaptation to Climate Change' (CPACC) project aimed to build the resilience of farming households to climate shocks, through promoting conservation farming techniques and livelihood diversification, and through supporting disaster-planning activities and early-warning systems at the community level. This Effectiveness Review used a quasi-experimental approach to assess the impact of the project among households whose members directly participated in the project activities, in one of the three districts where the project was carried out. The results provide evidence that the project had a positive effect on the resilience of participant households, particularly through the community-level disaster preparedness activities. There is also evidence that the project had a positive impact on the adoption of conservation farming techniques, on the area of land cultivated, and on yields. However, the project does not appear to have had the positive effects it sought on engagement in non-agricultural income-generating activities, nor on participation in savings groups. There is no indication that the project had had a positive impact on households' overall material welfare by the time of the survey. This report is part of Oxfam's Effectiveness Review Series.

Resilience in Burkina Faso: Impact evaluation of the 'Resilience, Food security and Nutrition' project

May 10, 2018

The Resilience, Food Security and Nutrition Project (Projet de Résilience, Sécurité Alimentaire et Nutritionnelle, PRSAN) was carried out in the North and Centre-North regions of Burkina Faso between 2013 and 2017 by Oxfam and Christian Aid, together with two implementing partners, the Alliance Technique d'Assistance au Développement (ATAD) and the Office de Développement des Églises Evangéliques (ODE). The project was aimed at enabling particularly vulnerable households to increase their resilience and improve their food security and nutritional situation. Project activities included supporting households in crop production, market gardening, processing and household businesses, providing awareness-raising on good nutritional practices, carrying out community-level disaster assessments and establishing early-warning committees, and distributing livestock and cash transfers. The Effectiveness Review was aimed at evaluating the success of this project in enabling participants to build their resilience to shocks, stresses and uncertainty. This report is part of Oxfam's Effectiveness Review Series.

Resilience in Kenya: Impact evaluation of the 'Building Resilience in the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands of Northern Kenya' project

May 8, 2018

The 'Building Resilience in the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands of Northern Kenya' project was implemented in Turkana County, in Northern Kenya, between July 2012 and April 2015. The project was designed to build the resilience of project participants to a number of shocks and stresses: droughts - which threaten the area annually - floods and outbreaks of human and animal diseases on the one hand, and anthropocentric risks on the other hand, such as fire, livestock theft, and conflicts. The project worked at different levels to try and reduce households' vulnerability to these risks, through Community-Managed Disaster Risk Reduction (CMDRR) and integration of community-level plans and committees into the work of the county government. This Effectiveness Review used a quasi-experimental evaluation design to assess the impact of the project activities, at the household- and community-level. The results provide evidence that the project had had a positive impact on households' resilience capacities. This report is part of Oxfam's Effectiveness Review series.

Women's empowerment in Tunisia: Impact evaluation of the project 'AMAL: Supporting Women's Transformative Leadership' in Tunisia

April 30, 2018

This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2016/17, selected for review under the women's empowerment thematic area. The evaluation took place in November 2016 in Tunisia, and intended to evaluate the success of the 'AMAL: Supporting Women's Transformative Leadership' project in increasing women's empowerment. The project 'AMAL: Supporting Women's Transformative Leadership' is a multi-country programme operating in Morocco, Tunisia, the Occupied Palestinian Territories and Yemen, with regional coordination from Lebanon. The results coming from this Effectiveness Review are not meant to be indicative of the overall impact of AMAL, but more a focused assessment for the Tunisia component. The AMAL project operating in Tunisia started in 2012, following the revolution of 2011, with the objective to increase women's awareness of their political and socio-economic rights, and support women to play a more active role in the political and socio-economic life of their community and country.

Influencing Policy and Civic Space: A meta-review of Oxfam's Policy Influence, Citizen Voice and Good Governance Effectiveness Reviews

April 19, 2018

Oxfam's Effectiveness Reviews evaluate the impact of the organization's projects on the lives of those they are intended to help. This meta-review uses Qualitative Comparative Analysis to summarize the results of 24 Effectiveness Reviews carried out under the theme of Citizen Voice, Policy Influence and Good Governance between 2011 and 2017. 

Understanding norms around the gendered division of labour: Results from focus group discussions in Zimbabwe

April 13, 2018

Social norms refer to the shared expectations held by a given community. They are often held in place by social approval or rewards for conformity, and by disapproval or sanctions for transgressions. Understanding how and why social norms hold sway can provide a powerful means for understanding the gendered division of work that prevails in many communities and inform strategies aimed at promoting change. This report summarizes the main findings from the qualitative research conducted in August 2017 to support on the identification of the main social norms related to unpaid care and domestic work in rural communities in four districts in Zimbabwe. The research served to identify who the leaders are that communities look up to in order to validate social norms change. It helped to identify nascent opportunities for changes in the gendered division of labour, and what the implications are of the findings for planning and practice in addressing inequalities on unpaid care and domestic work.

Oxfam GB's Gender Pay Gap Report for 5 April 2017

March 26, 2018

Oxfam GB's overall median gender pay gap is 12.5%. The national average is 18.4%. We take our gender pay gap seriously and have made a range of commitments to address the issue.The gender pay gap shows the difference in the average pay between all men and women working for an organization, irrespective of their job or position. It is not a comparison of pay between men and women doing like for like roles or jobs of equal value, and Oxfam always pays men and women the same for the same work. All organizations in the UK which employ more than 250 workers are required to publish their gender pay gap by April 2018.As an organization that is working to enable women to realize their rights, Oxfam GB is determined to build a fairer and more equal world for everyone - and of course that starts here, with us. Oxfam simply should not have a gender pay gap and should aim to achieve a zero pay gap. However, it is not simple, as gender pay gaps are a result of many factors, some of which are within Oxfam's control and some of which are embedded in wider society and need to be challenged.We are proud that more than 60% of our managers and senior managers are women. We have twice the national average of women in information systems roles, twice the national average of men in part-time roles and 84% of our staff tell us that their flexible working needs are met. However, there are areas where we must do better.At the time of reporting (April 2017) we had low female representation on our Leadership Team: 2 women out of 8 roles, although we have since increased this to 3 out of 8. We also have a higher gender pay gap among those aged over 40 (15.6%, median), while men working part-time earn less, on average, than women (-4.1%, median).One of the main factors contributing to our gender pay gap is the difference in the female representation in different jobs within our organization. We are essentially two organizations: an international non-government organization (INGO) and a charity retailer. In general, the roles in the INGO are higher paid than those in our shop network. With a network of around 650 shops, Oxfam has significantly more employees in shop roles than any other roles; around 40% of our total UK staff are shop employees. While we pay all staff at least the Living Wage Foundation Rate, and pay for shop roles is above average for the charity sector, the pay sits within the lower half of Oxfam pay brackets. Almost three-quarters (72%) of our shop managers are women.The differences between the two parts of the organization mean that our overall gender pay gap is greater than that of our parts. In our charity retail business the gender pay gap is 2% and in our INGO the gap is 9.6% (both median figures).Specific commitments to address our gender pay gap within the next two years include but are not limited to:We will work towards a 50:50 representation of women on our Leadership Team, with an aim to maintain female representation of between 35% and 65%For any new vacancies on our Leadership Team, we will commit to 50% of shortlisted candidates being womenWe will do an analysis to understand the gender pay gap for women over 40, and for men working part-time and introduce actionsWe are introducing enhanced, shared parental pay for partners from April 2018, which is aimed at encouraging more men/partners to take time out for childcaring responsibilitiesOn our leadership development courses, we will ensure that 70% of participants will be womenWe will continue to work to influence more widely to address the policies and practices that are perpetuating the gender pay gap in the UK.

Attitudes Towards Inequality in the UK: A review of opinion surveys

March 13, 2018

As part of Oxfam's commitment to tackling inequality in order to end extreme poverty, we need to understand how different people feel about inequality. This briefing examines three UK population surveys and notes that there is widespread agreement with statements that promote greater equality. Those on lower incomes tend to be more egalitarian; the impact of other demographic variables is less clear. In one survey, younger people were the more egalitarian group, but in other surveys, older people were more egalitarian. To campaign effectively and represent the interests of different groups, we need a clearer understanding of how and why attitudes differ. This research note identifies areas where further investigation is needed.