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Radar alatt – A transz emberek elleni erőszak dokumentálása

April 19, 2021

A transz emberek előítéletek által motivált diszkriminációval szembesülnek az élet minden területén, beleértve az oktatást, a munkát, az egészségügyet, a lakhatást és más szolgáltatásokat. Míg néhány nyugat-európai ország javított a transz emberek jogi helyzetén az elmúlt évtizedben, és átültették az önrendelkezés jogi elvét a nem jogi elismerésre irányuló folyamatokban, addig Közép-Kelet-Európában és Közép-Ázsiában (a továbbiakban: CEECA, angolul: Central-Eastern Europe and Central Asia) csak marginális jelentőségű pozitív jogi változások történtek a transz közösségek tekintetében.A Transgender Europe (TGEU) 2008 óta működik együtt aktivistákkal a Trans Murder Monitoring (TMM, magyarul Transz Gyilkosság Megfigyelés) program keretében a transz emberek által megélt erőszak kutatása kapcsán.1 2014-ben a TGEU elindította a ProTrans projektet,2 amely a transz emberek elleni erőszakra fókuszál a CEECA régióban. Ekkortól kezdve a projekt bizonyítékokat gyűjtött a transz emberek áldozattá válásával kapcsolatban, valamint forrást nyújtott az aktivistáknak, hogy érdekképviselői legyenek a jobb szabályzatok kialakításának, amelyek javítanák a transz emberek élethelyzetét.A jelen jelentés összefoglalja a ProTrans projekt kulcseredményeit 2015 és 2020 között. Az ebben az időszakban öt országból (Magyarország, Moldávia, Kirgizisztán, Szerbia és Törökország) származó projektpartnerek erőszakos eseteket gyűjtöttek a saját kontextusukban. Az adatok szomorú képet festenek a transz emberek elleni, állam által finanszírozott és nem állami erőszakos cselekményekről

Under the radar: documenting violence against trans people

April 19, 2021

Trans people face bias-motivated discrimination in all spheres of life, including education, employment, healthcare, housing, and other services. While some countries in Western Europe have improved the legal situation of trans people in the past decade and implemented the principle of self-determination in legal gender recognition procedures, positive legal changes for trans communities in Central-Eastern Europe and Central Asia (CEECA) have been marginal.Transgender Europe (TGEU) has worked together with activists since 2008 on researching trans people's lived experiences of violence in its Trans Murder Monitoring (TMM).1 In 2014, TGEU initiated the ProTrans project,2 focusing on violence against trans individuals in the CEECA region. Ever since, the project documented evidence on trans victimisation and provided activists with resources to advocate for better policies to improve the living conditions of trans persons.The present report summarises the key results of the ProTrans project between 2015-2020. In this period, project partners from 5 countries (Hungary, Moldova, Kyrgyzstan, Serbia, and Turkey) collected incidents of violence from their contexts. The data paints a grim picture of state-sponsored and non-state violence against trans individuals.

Sustainability Assessment of Rural Water Service Delivery Models : Findings of a Multi-Country Review

August 25, 2017

With 2.1 billion people – mostly in rural areas – lacking safely managed drinking water and reported low rural water supply functionality rates, the Sustainable Development Goals pose a triple challenge: to reach unserved mostly rural population groups, to raise service levels, and to sustain existing and future services. This assessment uses a multi-country case study approach to identify good practices and challenges toward building sector capacity and strengthening sustainable service delivery models for rural areas. Recognizing the limitations of the Demand Responsive Approach, the emergence of various management models, the identified need for ongoing support to rural service providers, and the critical role of enabling institutions and policies beyond the community-level, the added value of this assessment lies in: i) the development of a comprehensive analytical framework that can be used to analyze and operationalize a more sustainable service delivery approach for rural water supply; ii) the rich set of cases and good practices from the 16 countries informing the global body of "knowledge in implementation," and iii) the formulation of recommendations and policy directions to improve the sustainability of services depending on sector development stage. Policy recommendations are centered around five areas: institutional capacity, financing, asset management, water resources management, and monitoring and regulatory oversight.

No Turning Back

July 1, 2016

Stigma, criminal laws, and punitive policing practices harm sex workers, including their health. In response, a growing number of authorities across the world have called for the decriminalization of sex work and support to sex worker–led organizations. However, the way sex worker groups engage with law enforcement, health providers, and their own communities to address these concerns has received much less attention.The six case studies presented in this publication—in Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine, South Africa, and Zimbabwe—offer a look at real-life sex worker–led programming that has reduced police abuse, health risks, and other adverse impacts of bad laws and law enforcement on sex workers.

The Perfect Storm: The Closing Space for LGBT Civil Society in Kyrgyzstan, Indonesia, Kenya, and Hungary

April 22, 2016

While the late 20th century saw a blossoming of civil society organizations, the beginning of the 21st century has been a period of upheaval. In response to both the threat of terrorism and to growing populist pressure for democracy, transparency, and government accountability, states have used new laws and tactics to restrict freedom of association and freedom of expression. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) organizations have always faced such barriers, ranging from criminalization of same-sex sexuality, to refusal of the right to register organizations or hold public events, to the shutdown of websites. In recent years, some countries have also ratified new laws that explicitly prohibit groups engaged in "LGBT propaganda." In other countries, politicians have mobilized resurgent nationalism by publicly scapegoating LGBT groups as representing "foreign values." These overlapping trends have created a "perfect storm" for LGBT civil society organizations caught in simultaneous waves of political pressure. This report examines how these forces are affecting LGBT groups in four countries: Kyrgyzstan, Indonesia, Hungary, and Kenya. The report also highlights these groups' resilience, and how many have found ways to survive and thrive in restrictive and often threatening environments.

To Protect and Serve

July 1, 2014

Around the world, sex workers and people who use drugs report that police are often a major impediment to accessing health and social services. Common police practices—using condoms as evidence of prostitution, harassing drug users at needle exchange points, or confiscating medications for drug treatment—fuel the HIV epidemic by driving sex workers and drug users away from life-saving services.Emerging partnerships between police, health experts, and community groups are beginning to prove that law enforcement and HIV-prevention programs can work together to save lives while reducing crime. When successfully implemented, these programs reduce the risk of HIV and drug overdose, and protect the health and human rights of these communities.Through detailed case studies from Burma, Ghana, India, Kenya, and Kyrgyzstan, this report examines how public health-centered law enforcement can reduce the risk of HIV infections among sex workers and drug users.The lessons of more than two decades of the response to HIV are clear: Police reform and community-police cooperation are as crucial to HIV prevention among criminalized groups as a condom or a clean needle, and should be supported as a central part of HIV and AIDS programming.

Nations in Transit 2014

June 12, 2014

This is the the 18th edition of Freedom House's comprehensive report on post-communist democratic governance -- highlights recent setbacks to democracy across Eurasia and the Balkans, as well as in Central Europe. Russia served as the model and inspiration for policies that have led to an uninterrupted retreat from free institutions throughout Eurasia and in 2013 brought a new and alarming level of repression. In Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, and several other countries, civil society responded with remarkable resistance to repressive governance. The year also featured improved elections and peaceful transfers of power in Kosovo, Albania, and Georgia.

Human Rights in Patient Care: A Practitioner Guide - Kyrgyzstan

May 1, 2013

Health systems can too often be places of punishment, coercion, and violations of basic rights—rather than places of treatment and care. In many cases, existing laws and tools that provide remedies are not adequately used to protect rights.This Practitioner Guide series presents practical how-to manuals for lawyers interested in taking cases around human rights in patient care. The manuals examine patient and provider rights and responsibilities, as well as procedures for protection through both the formal court system and alternative mechanisms in 10 countries.Each Practitioner Guide is country-specific, supplementing coverage of the international and regional framework with national standards and procedures in the following:ArmeniaGeorgiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanMacedoniaMoldova (forthcoming)RomaniaRussia (forthcoming)SerbiaUkraineThis series is the first to systematically examine the application of constitutional, civil, and criminal laws; categorize them by right; and provide examples and practical tips. As such, the guides are useful for medical professionals, public health mangers, Ministries of Health and Justice personnel, patient advocacy groups, and patients themselves.Advancing Human Rights in Patient Care: The Law in Seven Transitional Countries is a compendium that supplements the practitioner guides. It provides the first comparative overview of legal norms, practice cannons, and procedures for addressing rights in health care in Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Russia, and Ukraine.A Legal Fellow in Human Rights in each country is undertaking the updating of each guide and building the field of human rights in patient care through trainings and the development of materials, networks, and jurisprudence. Fellows are recent law graduates based at a local organization with expertise and an interest in expanding work in law, human rights, and patient care. To learn more about the fellowships, please visit health-rights.org.

Advancing Human Rights in Patient Care: Practitioner Guides

May 1, 2013

Health systems can too often be places of punishment, coercion, and violations of basic rights—rather than places of treatment and care. In many cases, existing laws and tools that provide remedies are not adequately used to protect rights.This Practitioner Guide series presents practical how-to manuals for lawyers interested in taking cases around human rights in patient care. The manuals examine patient and provider rights and responsibilities, as well as procedures for protection through both the formal court system and alternative mechanisms in 10 countries.Each Practitioner Guide is country-specific, supplementing coverage of the international and regional framework with national standards and procedures in the following:ArmeniaGeorgiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanMacedoniaMoldova (forthcoming)RomaniaRussia (forthcoming)SerbiaUkraineThis series is the first to systematically examine the application of constitutional, civil, and criminal laws; categorize them by right; and provide examples and practical tips. As such, the guides are useful for medical professionals, public health mangers, Ministries of Health and Justice personnel, patient advocacy groups, and patients themselves.Advancing Human Rights in Patient Care: The Law in Seven Transitional Countries is a compendium that supplements the practitioner guides. It provides the first comparative overview of legal norms, practice cannons, and procedures for addressing rights in health care in Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Russia, and Ukraine.A Legal Fellow in Human Rights in each country is undertaking the updating of each guide and building the field of human rights in patient care through trainings and the development of materials, networks, and jurisprudence. Fellows are recent law graduates based at a local organization with expertise and an interest in expanding work in law, human rights, and patient care. To learn more about the fellowships, please visit health-rights.org.

The State of Global Civil Society and Volunteering: Latest Findings from the Implementation of the UN Nonprofit Handbook

March 11, 2013

A "global associational revolution," a major upsurge of organized, private, voluntary and nonprofit activity, has been under way around the world for the past thirty years or more. Despite the scale and scope of this development, however, official data to portray it have long been lacking. This report takes an important step toward remedying this situation by presenting a summary of new findings from the implementation b statistical offices in sixteen countries of the United Nations "Handbook on Nonprofit Institutions in the System of National Accounts".Developed by the Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies in cooperation with the UN Statistics Division and an International Technical Experts Group, and issued by the U.N. in 2003, this Handbook calls on national statistical offices to produce regular "satellite accounts" on nonprofit institutions and volunteering for the first time, and provides detailed guidance on how to do so. The result is a far more complete official picture of the scope and structure of the nonprofit or civil societ sector than has ever been available in these countries. This report presents the findings from the implementation of this UN NPI Handbook in 16 countries aound the world, including data on the comparative workforce, contribution to GDP, expenditures, revenues, and distribution of activities, and an in-depth look at the advantages off the Handbook approach over the traditional SNA methods of measurement.It is our hope that this report will help to encourage civil society and foundation leaders, volunteer promotion organizations, and statistical offices in other countries to promote the implementation of the UN NPI Handbook in their countries. The result will be to make the nonprofit and volunteer sector more visible, enhance its credibility, enable more effective partnerships between NPIs and public and private institutions, open new research opportunities for scholars, improve the clarity with which national accounts statistics portray national economies, and ultimately to improve citizen well-being.

WASH in Schools Distance Learning Course: Learnings from the Field 2012

December 1, 2012

The Center for Global Safe Water at Emory University and UNICEF collaborated to create a capacity-building programme: the WASH in Schools Distance-Learning Course. Case studies by the graduates from 13 countries and one regional office are included in this report.

Illegal Settlements and City Registration in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan: Implications for Legal Empowerment, Politics, and Ethnic Tensions

May 1, 2012

Illegal settlements represent a major social, economic and political challenge in Central Asia, where 20 to 30 percent of the urban population of major cities is estimated to be unregistered residents.Using original research and fieldwork carried out in 2011, the fifth paper of CEP's Occasional Paper Series examines the scale and significance of illegal and unregistered residents in four major cities in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan (Bishkek, Osh, Almaty, and Astana). It then considers the implications for the strategy of legal empowerment of the poor.The authors argue that there are no quick fixes to problems arising from unregistered residents, as the nature of these issues is complex and structural. The paper take this into account and present detailed recommendations to international donor agencies, state actors, and NGOs.