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Resilience in Zambia: Impact evaluation of the 'Citizen Participation in Adaptation to Climate Change' project

May 30, 2018

The 'Citizen Participation in Adaptation to Climate Change' (CPACC) project aimed to build the resilience of farming households to climate shocks, through promoting conservation farming techniques and livelihood diversification, and through supporting disaster-planning activities and early-warning systems at the community level. This Effectiveness Review used a quasi-experimental approach to assess the impact of the project among households whose members directly participated in the project activities, in one of the three districts where the project was carried out. The results provide evidence that the project had a positive effect on the resilience of participant households, particularly through the community-level disaster preparedness activities. There is also evidence that the project had a positive impact on the adoption of conservation farming techniques, on the area of land cultivated, and on yields. However, the project does not appear to have had the positive effects it sought on engagement in non-agricultural income-generating activities, nor on participation in savings groups. There is no indication that the project had had a positive impact on households' overall material welfare by the time of the survey. This report is part of Oxfam's Effectiveness Review Series.

Resilience in Burkina Faso: Impact evaluation of the 'Resilience, Food security and Nutrition' project

May 10, 2018

The Resilience, Food Security and Nutrition Project (Projet de Résilience, Sécurité Alimentaire et Nutritionnelle, PRSAN) was carried out in the North and Centre-North regions of Burkina Faso between 2013 and 2017 by Oxfam and Christian Aid, together with two implementing partners, the Alliance Technique d'Assistance au Développement (ATAD) and the Office de Développement des Églises Evangéliques (ODE). The project was aimed at enabling particularly vulnerable households to increase their resilience and improve their food security and nutritional situation. Project activities included supporting households in crop production, market gardening, processing and household businesses, providing awareness-raising on good nutritional practices, carrying out community-level disaster assessments and establishing early-warning committees, and distributing livestock and cash transfers. The Effectiveness Review was aimed at evaluating the success of this project in enabling participants to build their resilience to shocks, stresses and uncertainty. This report is part of Oxfam's Effectiveness Review Series.

Measuring Impact: A Meta-Analysis of Oxfam's Livelihoods Effectiveness Reviews

November 7, 2017

This paper presents the results of a meta-analysis examining the overall impact of 23 livelihoods projects evaluated as part of Oxfam GB's Effectiveness Reviews between 2011 and 2016.Results show a statistically significant, positive impact on the welfare of participants, measured by household consumption and wealth. Analysis indicates an increase in household consumption of approximately 6.6% (95% confidence interval from 1.6% to 11.9%). While some projects had more positive results than others, these differences are not explained by regions, whether the country has lower-income or middle-income status, whether households were initially poorer than average, nor by project scale, budget or duration.However, there is some evidence that female-headed households have tended to benefit less from the projects than male-headed households. Projects that targeted a specific agricultural product or products (such as vegetables, coffee or dairy production) were generally found to be successful in promoting production and sales.

Building Resilience: A meta-analysis of Oxfam's resilience Effectiveness Reviews

October 23, 2017

Oxfam's Effectiveness Reviews evaluate the impact of the organization's projects on the lives of those they are intended to help.This research paper uses statistical meta-analysis to summarise the results of all 16 Effectiveness Reviews carried out under the theme of resilience between 2011 and 2015.The paper finds that projects evaluated had a significant positive impact overall, as measured by an index of contextually-appropriate indicators of resilience. However, there are important differences in impact between different regions of the world. The meta-analysis also reveals a difference in the level of resilience by the gender of the head of household, and provides some insights into the resilience measurement approach.

Resilience in Bolivia: Impact evaluation of supporting communities to adapt to changing weather patterns and improve their livelihoods

July 24, 2017

This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2015/16, selected for review under the resilience thematic area. This report documents the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation carried out in April 2015 of the ‘Supporting communities in Bolivia to adapt to changing weather patterns and improve their livelihoods’ project. It sought to assess the success the project had in enabling households that directly participated in the camellones to strengthen their livelihoods, to minimise risk from shocks and to adapt to emerging trends and uncertainty.The project was carried out by Oxfam in partnership with the Kenneth Lee Foundation in several communities of the municipality of Trinidad in the Beni Region of Bolivia between 2010 and 2013. The key activities of this project (together with its predecessor, launched in 2008) were to construct and promote the use of ‘camellones’, an indigenous land-management system intended to protect livelihoods (agriculture and fish farming) against drought or flood.Read more about Oxfam's Effectiveness Reviews.

Resilience in Chad: Impact evaluation of reinforcing resilience capacity and food security in Bahr el Gazal and Guéra

September 19, 2016

This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2014/15, selected for review under the resilience thematic area. This report documents the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation carried out in December 2014 that sought to assess the impact of the activities of two projects: the 'reinforcing resilience capacity in Bahr el Gazal' project, and the 'Improving the Food Security Information System in Guéra Region' project (usually known by its French acronym as PASISAT).Main activities carried out by the project in Bahr el Gazal included the distribution of seeds and tools; training on agricultural techniques, market gardening and of community animal-health workers; restocking of sheep and goats; and vaccination of livestock. The main objective of the project PASISAT in Guéra was to strengthen the region's Food Security Information System by establishing processes under which data on meteorological conditions and crop production are collected regularly by officials within each canton, and submitted to a central coordinating office. Project participants also benefited directly from support in market gardening and training on seed replication techniques, soil conservation and restoration work; and promotion of improved nutritional practices.Read more about Oxfam's Effectiveness Reviews.

Measuring Resilience: Lessons learned from measuring resilience in Oxfam's large-N Effectiveness Reviews

December 10, 2015

Resilience has rapidly become one of the most prominent objectives for the development sector, so ascertaining how best to measure it is an essential task for practioners working in monitoring and evaluation. In this discussion paper, the main insights emerging from the series of large-N Effectiveness Reviews, a set of quantitative studies that aim to evaluate impact and generate learning from a random sample of Oxfam's projects are outlined. It is also considered how this measurement approach may adapt as ideas about resilience change both within Oxfam and in the development sector at large.Read more about Oxfam's Effectiveness Reviews.

Resilience in Nicaragua: Impact evaluation of climate change adaptation among small scale producers

December 9, 2015

This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2014/15, selected for review under the resilience thematic area. The report documents the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation carried out in December 2014 that sought to assess the impact of the climate change adaptation among small scale producers project.The project was carried about by Oxfam in partnership with the Centro para la Promoción, la Investigación y el Desarrollo Rural y Social (CIPRES) in the department of Chinandega between January 2011 and October 2013. This project aimed to improve small producers' understanding of and ability to adapt to climate change, especially by providing training and inputs to improve seed selection, grain storage and livestock management, and to encourage protection of the local environment. In its later stages, the project also helped direct participants share their learning with other cooperative members and their neighbours.For more information, the data for this effectiveness review is available through the UK Data Service. Read more about the Oxfam Effectiveness Reviews. 

Resilience in Mali: Evaluation of increasing food security

April 14, 2015

This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2013/14, selected for review under the resilience thematic area. This report documents the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation carried out in March/April 2014 that sought to assess the impact of the activities of the 'Increasing Food Security' project.This project includes two related initiatives that have been carried out by Oxfam together with local partners since 2010 that are aimed at building food security and resilience among vulnerable people in Mali.For more information, the data for this effectiveness review is available through the UK Data Service. Read more about the Oxfam Effectiveness Reviews. 

Women's Empowerment in Rwanda: Evaluation of women's economic leadership through horticulture planting material business

April 14, 2015

This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2013/14, selected for review under the women's empowerment thematic area. This report documents the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation carried out in March 2014 that sought to assess the impact of the activities of the 'Women's Economic Leadership through Horticulture Planting-Material Business' project.This project was implemented in four districts of Rwanda by Oxfam in partnershiop with Duterimbere, a local organization, between 2011 and 2014. The project aimed to strengthen women's capacity for engaging in the production of pineapple planting material, and thereby to enhance women's socio-economic status at household and community level, while also strengthening the capacity of the microfinance division of Duterimbere to provide finance and business services to women in the planting-material business.For more information, the data for this effectiveness review is available through the UK Data Service. Read more about the Oxfam Effectiveness Reviews. 

Resilience in Niger: Evaluation of improving livelihoods through integrated water resource management

April 2, 2015

This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2013/14, selected for review under the resilience thematic area. This report documents the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation carried out in March 2014 that sought to assess the impact of the activities of the project 'Improving Livelihoods through Integrated Water Resource Management in Niger'.The project was carried out by Oxfam together with Karkara, a Nigerien non-governmental organisation, between 2008 and 2013, with the aim of enabling participants to strengthen their livelihoods and to minimize risk from shocks and adapt to emerging trends and uncertainty.For more information, the data for this effectiveness review is available through the UK Data Service. Read more about the Oxfam Effectiveness Reviews. 

Livelihoods in Colombia: Evaluation of market access and food security in the central region

March 31, 2015

This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2013/14, selected for review under the livelihoods thematic area. This report documents the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation carried out in February 2014 that sought to assess the impact of the activities of the project 'Market Access and Food Security in the Central Region of Colombia'.This project is part of an initiative supported by Oxfam since 2003 to increase market access and income among smallholder producers in the Central Region of Colombia. Oxfam has worked with the Comité de Interlocución Campesino y Comunal (CICC), the Alianza Campseina y Comunal (AL CAMPO), the Instituto Latinamericano para una Sociedad y un Derecho Alternativos (ILSA) and the National University of Colombia to establish, support and document learning about alternative marketing channels - especially farmers' markets (mercados campesinos) in the capital city of Bogotá, and in other towns in the region.For more information, the data for this effectiveness review is available through the UK Data Service. Read more about the Oxfam Effectiveness Reviews.